基本数据类型
- number(数字)
- str(字符串)
- bool(布尔类型)
- list(列表): 类似 js 中的数组
- tuple(元组)
- set(集合)
- dict(字典): 类似 js 中的对象(k=v)
python
age = 10 # int
name = "tom" # str
is_boy = true # bool
friends = [ # list
"jerry",
"alex",
]
info = { # dict
"firstname": "john",
"lastname": "doe",
"age": 28,
}获取变量类型
type 方法返回的是变量类型字符串
python
age = 10 # int
name = "tom" # str
is_boy = true # bool
friends = [ # list
"jerry",
"alex",
]
info = { # dict
"firstName": "John",
"lastName": "Doe",
"age": 28,
}
print(type(age))
print(type(name))
print(type(is_boy))
print(type(info))获取变量的数据类型
python
variable = "str";
print(type(variable)); # <class 'str'>判断变量数据类型
isinstance 方法可以判断某个数据是否是某个类型, 返回一个 Boolean 值
python
print(isinstance("hello", str)) # True
print(isinstance(11, str)) # False数据类型转换
[plist(x)]
[tuple(x)]
python
print(int(1.2)) # 1
print(int("1")) # 1
# print(int("a1")) # 报错: 必须是数字字符串
# print(int([1,2])) # 报错: list 转不了
# print(int(('a', 1, False))) # 报错: tuple 转不了python
print(float(1)) # 1.0
print(float("3.14")) # 3.14
print(float(" -2 ")) # -2.0(自动去除首尾空格)
# print(float("abc")) # 报错: 无法解析非数字字符串
# print(float([1])) # 报错: list 不能转 float
# print(float(('a', 1))) # 报错: tuple 不能转 floatpython
print(str(10)) # int 转 str, 输出: "10"
print(str(10.11)) # float 转 str, 输出: "10.11"
print(str(False)) # False 转 str, 输出: "False"
print(str(True)) # True 转 str, 输出: "True"
v = str([1,2,3])
t = type(v)
print(v, t) # list 转 str, 输出: "[1, 2, 3]" <class 'str'>
v2 = str(('a', 1, '2'))
t2 = type(v2)
print(v2, t2) # tuple 转 str, 输出: "('a', 1, '2')" <class 'str'>python
print(bool(1)) # True
print(bool(0)) # False
print(bool(-1)) # True
print(bool(0.0)) # False
print(bool("")) # False
print(bool("hello")) # True
print(bool([])) # False
print(bool([1])) # True
print(bool(())) # False
print(bool((0,))) # True
print(bool(None)) # False
# 所有 `空` 或 `零` 值为 False,其余为 Truepython
print(list("abc")) # str 转 list, 输出: ['a', 'b', 'c']
print(list((1, 2, 3))) # tuple 转 list, 输出: [1, 2, 3]
print(list({1, 2, 3})) # set 转 list, 输出: [1, 2, 3](顺序无法确定)
print(list({'a': 1, 'b': 2})) # dict 转 list, 输出: ['a', 'b']
# print(list(123)) # int 不能转 list, 必须是可迭代的数据才能转 list
# print(list(11.22)) # float 不能转 listpython
print(tuple("abc")) # str 转 tuple, 输出: ('a', 'b', 'c')
print(tuple([1, 2, 3])) # list 转 tuple, 输出: (1, 2, 3)
print(tuple({1, 2, 3})) # set 转 tuple, 输出: (1, 2, 3)(顺序不确定)
print(tuple({'a': 1, 'b': 2})) # dict 转 tuple, 输出: ('a', 'b')(只取键)
# print(tuple(123)) # 报错: int 不可迭代
# print(tuple(1.2)) # 报错: float 不能转